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break [ break ]

[
US
breɪk ]
[
UK
breɪk ]
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Irregular verbs

Verb (broke, broken)

1. Separate or cause to separate into pieces as a result of a blow, shock, or strain.

the branch broke with a loud snap

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2. Sustain an injury involving the fracture of a bone or bones in a part of the body.

It was her fault that Fay had broken her wrist.

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3. Cause a cut or graze in (the skin)

I sucked in a sharp breath as the blade broke my skin.

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4. Make or become inoperative.

He turned and knocked the machine over breaking it.

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5. (of the amniotic fluid surrounding a fetus) be discharged when the sac is ruptured in the first stages of labour.

she realized her waters had broken

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6. Open (a safe) forcibly.

If a burglar breaks the safe and steals the guns, I won't be held responsible for their criminal use because I did what I reasonably could to secure them.

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7. Use (a banknote) to pay for something and receive change out of the transaction.

I haven't got any change, and I don't want to break a fiver.

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8. (of two boxers or wrestlers) come out of a clinch, especially at the referee's command.

He said the first damaging blow came after the referee had told them to break and stop punching.

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9. Make the first stroke at the beginning of a game of billiards, pool, or snooker.

In each rack, you break, spot anything that went in, and take cueball in hand to begin the frame.

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10. Unfurl (a flag or sail).

When the chief Scout Master broke the flag a huge roar went up from the boys.

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11. Succeed in deciphering (a code)

I feel that I am very close to breaking the code.

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12. Disprove (an alibi).

The former husband emerged as the most promising suspect after the detectives were able to break his alibi.

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13. Interrupt (a sequence, course, or continuous state)

the new government broke the pattern of growth

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14. Put an end to (a silence) by speaking or making contact.

She felt it was her job to break the silence between the two.

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15. Make a pause in (a journey)

we will break our journey in Venice

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16. Rest or stop proceedings for a while.

If you must break for tea, keep it quick.

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17. Lessen the impact of (a fall)

His fall was broken by some bins.

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18. Disconnect or interrupt (an electric circuit)

By bouncing, the reed breaks an electrical circuit.

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19. Stop oneself from engaging in (a habitual practice)

Old habits are hard to break.

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20. Surpass (a record)

He has already said he will try to break the world record.

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21. Fail to observe (a law, regulation, or agreement)

These players are breaking the rules.

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22. Fail to continue with (a self-imposed discipline)

diets started without preparation are broken all the time

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23. Crush the emotional strength, spirit, or resistance of.

the idea was to better the prisoners, not to break them

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24. (of a person's emotional strength or control) give way.

The words died on her tongue, and all of her well-trained control broke.

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25. Destroy the power of (a movement or organization)

True, he broke the power of the trade unions but the result was near total economic collapse.

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26. Destroy the effectiveness of (a strike), typically by bringing in other people to replace the striking workers.

Clearly this was a crude attempt to break the strike.

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27. Tame or train (a horse).
28. (of the weather) change suddenly, especially after a fine spell.

the weather broke and thunder rumbled through a leaden sky

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29. (of a storm) begin violently.

when all were aboard, the storm broke

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30. (of dawn or a day) begin as the sun rises.

I was woken by dawn breaking.

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31. (of clouds) move apart and begin to disperse.

The clouds broke, and the fair moon shone through.

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32. (of waves) curl over and dissolve into foam.

The wave breaks over my head, but I'm still upright.

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33. (of a person's voice) falter and change tone, due to emotion.

Her voice broke and she struggled to get it back.

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34. (of a boy's voice) change in tone and register at puberty.

He turned professional at the age of 12 but had to ‘retire’ when his voice broke at 16.

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35. (of a vowel) develop into a diphthong, under the influence of an adjacent sound.

There is a considerable variation in breaking between different dialects and different generations of speakers.

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36. (of prices on the stock exchange) fall sharply.

What traders want to confirm is that the price is indeed falling and will break back through the upper trendline.

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37. (of news or a scandal) suddenly become public.

I am angrier today than I was when this scandal broke.

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38. (break something to) Make bad news known to (someone)

He was devastated when a doctor first broke the news to him.

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39. (chiefly of an attacking player or team, or of a military force) make a rush or dash in a particular direction.

They broke quickly after clearing a corner.

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40. (of a bowled cricket ball) change direction on bouncing, due to spin.

Will there emerge a spinner who breaks the ball so sharply that he needs no fielders on one side of the wicket?

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41. (of a ball) rebound unpredictably.

He finished in style when the ball broke to him.

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Noun

1. An interruption of continuity or uniformity.

the magazine has been published without a break since 1950

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2. An act of separating oneself from a pre-existing state of affairs.

This represented a break with 1900 years of complete Christian consensus.

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3. A change in the weather.

a week or so may pass without a break in the weather

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4. A change of line, paragraph, or page.

Paragraph breaks have been inserted for clarity

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5. A change of tone in a person's voice due to emotion.

there was a break in her voice now

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6. An interruption in an electric circuit.

The break in the electric circuit had not been closed by pressure on the trip wire.

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7. The winning of a game against an opponent's serve.

The 22-year-old crawled back to 3-4 with a service break in the seventh game.

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8. A pause in work or during an activity or event.

I need a break from mental activity

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9. An interval during the school day.

A moment later, the break bell rang.

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10. A short holiday.

It was a relaxing break and well needed respite for both of us.

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11. A short solo or instrumental passage in jazz or popular music.

Some of the songs are also too long and would benefit from shorter instrumental breaks.

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12. Dance music featuring breakbeats.
13. A gap or opening.

On the opposite shore, I could make out a small railway bridge through a break in the trees.

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14. An instance of breaking something, or the point where something is broken.

I was looking for breaks and bleeding, but there weren't any.

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15. A rush or dash in a particular direction, especially by an attacking player or team.

He made a break and passed the ball inside.

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16. An escape, typically from prison.

Up to this point, two-thirds of the way in, the focus of the film was the actual prison break.

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17. A change in the direction of a bowled ball on bouncing.
18. An opportunity or chance, especially one leading to professional success.

he got his break as an entertainer on a TV music hall show

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19. A consecutive series of successful shots, scoring a specified number of points.

a break of 83 put him in front for the first time

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20. A player's turn to make the opening shot of a game.

If you play it for a few hours, and if you develop some consistency in your break, your scores will improve greatly.

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21. A bud or shoot sprouting from a stem.

The length of bare stem (from soil level to the first break on the stem) will determine the kind of plant that you have.

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Break away

1. Escape from someone's hold.

I broke away from Tobias, moving to attack again.

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2. Escape from the control of a person, group, or practice.

an attempt to break away from the elitism that has dominated the book trade

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3. (of a competitor in a race) move into the lead.

But Australia and Germany broke away early on to move a lap ahead of the field.

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Break with

1. (break with someone) Quarrel or end relations with someone.

he had broken with his family long before

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2. (break with something) Act in a way that is not in accordance with a custom or tradition.

He broke with tradition when he embarked on a theatrical career.

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Break in

1. Force entry to a building.

They broke in by forcing a lock on a door and then made off in a stolen car.

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2. Interrupt something, especially a conversation.

the doctor's voice broke in on her thoughts

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3. (break something in, break in something) Wear something, typically a pair of new shoes, until it becomes supple and comfortable.

He's wearing square-toed ski boots, breaking them in for Norway.

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4. (break something in, break in something) Accustom a horse to a saddle and bridle, and to being ridden.

Many of the horses had not been broken in and it was difficult to round them up.

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5. (break someone in, break in someone) Familiarize someone with a new job or situation.

He will be broken in slowly, in a way different than the rest.

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Break into

1. (break into something) Enter or open a place, vehicle, or container forcibly, especially for the purposes of theft.

a friend of mine had his car broken into

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2. Succeed in winning a share of a market or a position in a profession.

They can offer advice, support and expertise to help companies break into overseas markets.

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3. (break into something) Interrupt a conversation.

She broke into the conversation with her usual want of tact.

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4. (break into something) Suddenly or unexpectedly burst into laughter or song.

I just hoped she wouldn't suddenly break into song.

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5. (of a person's face or mouth) relax into (a smile)

‘You are lucky,’ the doctor said, breaking into a smile.

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6. (break into something) Change one's pace to a faster one.

I broke into a sprint and ran the rest of the way home.

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Break up

1. Disintegrate or disperse.

The rain had stopped and the clouds had begun to break up by the time he woke.

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2. (break something up, break up something) Cause something to separate into several pieces, parts, or sections.

We broke it up into pieces and sold it.

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3. (break something up, break up something) Cut something up for scrap metal.

she was towed to Bo'Ness and broken up

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4. (of a gathering) come to an end and disperse.

after about an hour, the meeting broke up

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5. (break something up, break up something) Disperse or put an end to a gathering.

police broke up a demonstration in the capital

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6. (break something up, break up something) Bring a social event or meeting to an end by being the first person to leave.

Richard was sorry to break up the party

7. (with reference to a couple) end a romantic or sexual relationship.

You and Chris broke up once in high school, didn't you?

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8. (break something up, break up something) Cause a relationship to dissolve.

I broke up with Bobby the night I got home.

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9. Start laughing uncontrollably.

Everybody broke up laughing, according to the police reports - except, of course, Julius.

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10. Become emotionally upset.
11. (break someone up, break up someone) Cause someone to become extremely upset.

seeing the children again nearly broke her up

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12. (with reference to a phone or radio signal) be interrupted by interference.

You're breaking up and very crackly.

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13. End the school term.

we broke up for the summer

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Break out

1. (of war, fighting, or similarly undesirable things) start suddenly.

forest fires have broken out across Indonesia

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2. (of a physical discomfort) suddenly manifest itself.

prickles of sweat had broken out along her backbone

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3. Escape.

The man had been shot dead trying to break out of jail.

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4. (break something out, break out something) Open and start using something.

Have board games handy, and break them out when things are dull.

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5. (of a person's skin) become inflamed or affected by spots.

I always break out from sunscreen

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Break out in

1. (break out in something) Be suddenly affected by an unpleasant sensation or condition.

she had broken out in a rash

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2. (break out in something) Suddenly or unexpectedly burst into laughter or song.

the whole cast just breaks out in song

Break through

1. (also break through something) Make or force a way through a barrier.

Now and again the sun breaks through the clouds.

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2. (also break through something) (of the sun or moon) appear from behind clouds.

the sun might break through in a few spots

3. Achieve success in a particular area.

A Manchester United starlet, he broke through to the first team squad.

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Break forth

1. Burst out suddenly; emerge.

Despite my effort, a sob broke forth from my lungs, and his eyes were suddenly upon me.

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Break off

1. (break something off, break off something) Remove something from a larger unit or whole.

Tucker broke off a piece of bread

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2. (break off) Become severed.

the fuselage had broken off just behind the pilot's seat

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3. Abruptly stop talking.

she broke off, stifling a sob

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4. (break something off, break off something) Abruptly end or discontinue something.

Our relationship lasted for nearly a year before I broke it off.

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Break down

1. (of a machine or motor vehicle) suddenly cease to function.

his van broke down

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2. (of a relationship, agreement, or process) cease to continue; collapse.

pay negotiations with management broke down

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3. Lose control of one's emotions when in a state of distress.

Emotion swept over her as she broke down in tears.

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4. (of a person's health or emotional control) fail or collapse.

his health broke down under the strain of overwork

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5. (break something down, break down something) Demolish a door or other barrier.

‘They had to break the door down to get her out,’ said Diana.

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6. (break something down, break down something) Separate something into a number of parts.

each tutorial is broken down into more manageable units

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7. Analyse information.

However, the figures are not broken down by race.

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8. (break something down, break down something) Convert a substance into simpler compounds by chemical action.

A small amount of the sucrose is broken down into glucose.

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9. (break down) Undergo chemical decomposition.

In other cases, a drug may break down into other, harmful substances.

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Origin

1. Old English brecan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch breken and German brechen, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin frangere ‘to break’.

Noun

1. former term for breaking cart

Origin

1. Mid 19th century perhaps from 16th-century brake ‘cage’, later ‘framework’, of unknown origin.

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